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The Noble Qur'an Al-A'raaf 7:26: "O Children of Adam! We have bestowed raiment* upon you to cover yourselves (screen your private parts, etc.) and as an adornment, and the raiment of righteousness, that is better. Such are among the Ayât (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) of Allâh, that they may remember (i.e. leave falsehood and follow truth)."
*clothing/covering
*clothing/covering
To cover one's privates parts is commandment from Allah subhanhu wa ta'ala, in order to receive His blessings, and mercy. The ayat in Al-A'raaf states that clothing is a gift from Allah subhanhu wa ta'ala, that the purpose of these garments can be to make one's self beautiful or to make one's self righteous (and that the garment of righteousness is better). Clothing, we also know from ayat 7:26, is one of the signs (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, revelations, etc.) of Allah subhanhu wa ta'ala, and that wearing proper clothing is a sign or remembrance and obedience of Allah subhanhu wa ta'ala.
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What is fard (obligatory) for a Muslim man to cover/wear for him to have his prayer accepted by Allah subhanhu wa ta'ala and to be thus recognized as a believing man is he must cover himself with loose non-see-through clothes from umbilicus of his abdomen to his knees. That means that...
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Reported Jurhad, "The Messenger of Allah passed by me when the cloak I was wearing did not cover my thigh. He said, 'Cover your thigh, for it (is part of the) 'aurah." This is related by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi, who called it hassan, and by al-Bukhari in mu'allaq form in the Sahih